Which feature allows multiple devices to share a single public IP address in networking?

The feature that enables multiple devices to share a single public IP address is Network Address Translation (NAT). NAT acts as an intermediary between the local network and the internet. When devices on a local network communicate with external networks, NAT translates the private IP addresses of those devices into the single public IP address that the network uses on the internet. This effectively allows numerous devices within a private network to connect to the internet while only utilizing one public IP address, conserving the number of public IP addresses needed and enhancing network security by hiding internal addresses from external view.

To elaborate on the other options, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is primarily responsible for assigning dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network. It does not facilitate IP sharing. VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is used to segment networks for improved management and security but does not deal with IP address translation. Subnetting involves dividing a network into smaller, manageable pieces but does not inherently allow multiple devices to share a public IP address.