What type of attack does a user face if they are locked out of their files until they pay a fee as part of a phishing scam?

The scenario described involves a user being locked out of their files until they pay a fee, which aligns perfectly with the definition of ransomware. Ransomware is a type of malicious software that encrypts a user's data or locks them out of their system, rendering it inaccessible. The attacker then demands a ransom payment, usually in cryptocurrency, in exchange for restoring access to the files.

Ransomware attacks often occur following a phishing scam, where users are tricked into downloading malicious software that facilitates this type of attack. The key characteristic of ransomware is this coercive financial demand for access restoration, making it distinct from other types of malware. Understanding this concept is crucial for recognizing the threats posed by cybercriminals and implementing appropriate security measures to prevent such attacks.