What is a key characteristic of ransomware?

A key characteristic of ransomware is that it encrypts files for ransom. This type of malicious software is designed to restrict access to a computer system or files, often by encrypting data with a strong encryption algorithm. Once the files are encrypted, the ransomware typically displays a message to the user demanding payment (ransom) in exchange for a decryption key that will restore access to the files. This financial motivation is what differentiates ransomware from other types of malware.

The focus on encryption makes ransomware a particularly damaging form of attack because it not only disrupts access to important data but also places victims in a position where they might feel compelled to pay in order to regain control over their own files. Meanwhile, other malware types focus on different tactics, such as replication, espionage, or leveraging legitimate software for malicious purposes, but they do not share the specific ransom and encryption characteristics that define ransomware.