An essential function of a network switch is to:

A network switch primarily operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, and its main function is to forward data packets to the appropriate destination based on the MAC address of the devices on the network. When a switch receives a data packet, it examines the destination MAC address and then uses its MAC address table to determine which port to send the packet to. This process allows for efficient communication within the network by ensuring that data is only sent to the specific device it is intended for, rather than broadcasting it to all connected devices. This not only improves performance but also reduces unnecessary network traffic, making the switch a crucial component in large or complex networks.

While amplifying signals, broadcasting data, and securing network traffic can be functions of other devices or network elements, they are not the primary function of a network switch. The switch’s capability to intelligently direct packets is what distinguishes it, making option C the most accurate description of its essential role in networking.